BEE HUMMINGBIRD
Mellisuga helenae
DESCRIPTION
The bee hummingbird (Mellisuga helenae) is the smallest bird species in the world, measuring about 2.2 inches in length and weighing approximately 0.07 ounces. Males are characterized by their vibrant iridescent plumage, which can appear blue or green depending on the light, while females are generally less colorful with a more subdued appearance. These tiny birds are known for their incredible flying abilities, capable of hovering in place and flying backwards, which they use to access nectar from flowers.
FUN FACTS
- The bee hummingbird is not only the smallest bird but also lays the smallest eggs of any bird species, measuring about the size of a pea
- These tiny eggs are usually white and are laid in a small cup-shaped nest made of plant fibers and spider silk, which can be found in the foliage of trees or shrubs.| Despite their small size, bee hummingbirds have an incredibly high metabolism, requiring them to consume up to twice their body weight in nectar each day to sustain their energy levels for their rapid movements and hovering abilities
QUICK INFO
Lifespan3-5 years in the wild
Average Weight1.6-2.0 g
Average Length5.5-6.0 cm
Diet TypeOmnivore
Social Structuresolitary, males are often seen alone defending their territory
Activity PatternDiurnal
Breeding SeasonSpring (March-May)
- Habitat
- Bee hummingbirds inhabit a range of environments, including subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and moist montane forests. They are often found in areas with abundant flowering plants, which provide their primary food source.
- Biomes
- Tropical Rainforest, Montane
- Native Range
- The bee hummingbird is endemic to Cuba and the Isla de la Juventud.
- Continent
- North America
- Countries
- Cuba, Isla de la Juventud
- Diet
- Bee hummingbirds primarily feed on nectar from various flowering plants, which provides them with the energy needed for their high metabolism. They also consume small insects and spiders for protein.
- Diet Type
- Omnivore
- Favorite Food
- nectar, small insects
- Social Structure
- solitary, males are often seen alone defending their territory
- Activity Pattern
- Diurnal
- Group Size
- 1-2
- Territorial
- 1
1.6-2.0 g
Weight
5.5-6.0 cm
Length
- Coloration
- iridescent green and blue plumage in males, more muted colors in females
- Sexual Dimorphism
- males are more colorful than females
- Lifespan
- 3-5 years in the wild
- Offspring per Birth
- 1-2
- Sexual Maturity
- 1 year
- Breeding Season
- Spring (March-May)
LC
Least Concern
IUCN Red List Status
- Population Status
- The population of bee hummingbirds is currently stable, but they are vulnerable to habitat loss.
- Wild Population Estimate
- unknown
- Population Trend
- Stable
- Endangered
- 0
- Threats
- Main threats include habitat destruction due to agricultural expansion and urban development. Climate change may also impact their food sources and breeding habitats.
- Predators
- praying mantises, larger birds, and some reptiles
- Defense Mechanisms
- They use rapid flight and agility to evade predators, and males will aggressively defend their territory from intruders.
- Found in Zoos
- Rare